Mande, Senufo, and Dogon stand out among Niger–Congo because of their deviant SOV basic word order. According to the Loi 96-049 of 1996 thirteen indigenous languages are recognised by the government as national languages: Bamanankan, Bomu, Bozo, Dɔgɔsɔ, Fulfulde, Hassaniya Arabic, Mamara, Maninkakan, Soninke, Soŋoy, Syenara, Tamasheq, Xaasongaxanŋo. Other Mande languages (not in the Manding group) include Soninke (in the region of Kayes in western Mali) and the Bozo languages (along the middle Niger). It begun under King Sundiata Keita in 1235 A.D who is the founder of the Empire, and peaking up under the king Mansa Musa who ruled the empire from 1312 A.D to 1337 A.D. There are several Malian ethnic groups namely Mande, Fula, Voltaic (Senufo/Bwa), Tuareg/Moor, and Songhai among others. Thereafter, they can transition fro… Hence, the Bambara language is the most widely spoken native language. Cereals such as red-s… Bambara originated from the Kingdom of Segou many centuries ago. Answer (1 of 2): Although French is one of two official languages of Mali, it is not as widely used as the other, Bambara, which is understood by as many as six million people. There are two other sign languages in Mali. It was the largest empire in West Africa and profoundly influenced the culture of the region through the spread of its language, laws, and customs along lands adjacent to the Niger River, as well as other areas consisting of numerous vassal kingdoms and provinces. It was retained as an official language when Mali attained its independence in 1960. The largest ethnic group in Mali is the Mande which are 50% of its total population. There are a dozen other national languages.. . The Niger River. Another, Bamako Sign Language, developed in the after-work tea circles of the cities; it is threatened by the educational use of ASL. Musa was born in 1280, and Mansa means ‘Sultan’ in the native language of Mandinka spoken in the region. Other languages include Senufo in the Sikasso region (south), Fula (Fula: Fulfulde; French: Peul) as a widespread trade language in the Mopti region and beyond, the Songhay languages along the Niger, the Dogon languages of Pays Dogon or “Dogon country” in central Mali, Tamasheq in the eastern part of Mali's Sahara and Arabic in its western part. The Songhai, in about 1365, led the Mali city of Gao to independence. Bambara was spoken in central, southern, and western Mali which adds up to 80% of the people of Mali. Estimates of the number of people who actually speak French are low. In the 14th Century, the city bec… Timbuktu was an important city in these empires because a lot of trade across the Sahara Desert went there. French Today: Language in Its Social Context. Language: Arabic, the language of the holy book, the Koran, was the language of its scholars and poets. The Gur languages are represented by Bomu on the Bani River of Mali and Burkina Faso. French, which introduced during the colonial period, was retained as the official language at independence and is used in government and formal education. These conservative dialects merge into other conservative Manding languages like Maninka, the once official language of … By Sharon Omondi on September 27 2017 in Society. The largest is the Bambara, accounting for 37% of the population. Today’s Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world. In its use in schools, there is a new policy which demands that Malian languages should be used to teach students in their first grades. This would mean roughly 21% of the population speak French, by 1986 figures, a number considerably lower than those who speak Bambara. For instance, in 1993, there were only 9,000 people who spoke French as a first language. Mande spoken by the Soninke people of West Africa. a civil war that took place in 1359. These are spoken in North Africa, the Horn of Africa and parts of the Sahel (where the Sahara becomes savanna). The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers. In contract to its empire days, Mali is now … They include Bambara, Soninke, Hasanya Arabia, Bomu, Tamasheq, Songhay, Fulfulde, Bozo, Maninkakan, Dogon, Syenara, Mamara, and Xasongaxango. Thereafter, they can transition from the indigenous languages to French. Mali Demographics. French is the language used in government and in teaching the school curriculum in the education sector. In its use in schools, there is a new policy which demands that Malian languages should be used to teach students in their first grades. ... One of the factors that contributed to the fall of the empire of Mali was. The rulers were the top class and all the other classes of individuals in the ancient MaliEmpire came under them. [8], Anne Lafage. by 1500, rebels and invaders had reduced the empire to the size that it had been when the Malinke people lived there. Other language families include Afro-Asiatic, represented by the Berber language Tamasheq and by Arabic, and the Songhay languages, which have traditionally been classified as Nilo-Saharan but may constitute an independent language family. There is a new policy to use Malian languages in the first grades and transition to French. What were the Songhai Empire's most important resources? Since it is popular among most Mali people, it is often used in trade. Ethnologue counts more than 80 languages. The Mali Empire was the largest in West Africa and profoundly influenced the culture of West Africa through the spread of its language… Figures estimated in 1986 give a number of 386,000 speakers of French in Mali, derived from the numbers of school attendees. The Mali Empire was a West African country from 1235 to 1645.The Mandinka people lived there. Other languages include Tieyozo, Bozo, Bomu, Kagoro and many others. The Mali Empire was the largest empire in West Africa and profoundly influenced the culture of West Africa through the spread of its language, l… It also has a deaf population which uses sign language to communicate. Austronesian languages: This includes Malagasy, the official language of Madagascar. The hypothesis equating Kaba, Kangaba, and the capital of the Mali empire dates back in print to the early French studies of ancient Mali, and particularly to Maurice Delafosse, that prolific writer on West African oral traditions, religion, and languages. Most people who speak French in Mali speak it as their second language. It enjoys the status of a national language in Mali, Senegal and Mauritania. The French language used in Mali was introduced by the French colonialists. We’re going to look at five: 1. Linguistically, its nearest relatives are the Bozo languages, centered around the Inner Niger Delta. The official language is French. It is mainly spoken in the southern and central parts of Mali. The Mali Empire was the second of three West African empires to emerge in the vast savanna grasslands located between the Sahara Desert to the north and the coastal rain forest in the south. Afroasiatic languages: This includes Arabic, Somali, Berber, Hausa, Amharic, and Oromo. Thirteen of the most widely spoken indigenous languages are considered "national languages.". French is Mali’s official language but Bambara is the most frequently spoken language in Mali. Although there are several languages the official language was French, the mother tongue was Bambara. It is the 8th largest country in the African continent boasting an area of 1,240,000 km2. 42. French in Africa. The Bamako Sign Language was innovated in the urban centers in the after-work tea circles. They were sometimes also called as Mansa or emperor and were prosperous and important. Figures estimated in 1986 give a number of 386,000 speakers of French in Mali, derived from the numbers of school attendees. . They probably spread with the expansion of the Songhay Empire (centered in the cities of Gao and Timbuktu) from the 9th century until the late Middle Ages. The Mandé people founded several kingdoms in the Sahel.This was a big area that included Mali. Mali has more than ten ethnic groups, including the Bambara (34%), Fulani (15%), Sarakole (11%) and Senufo (10%). Timbuktu was then raided and burned. Approximately one-third of all Malians speak Bamana as their mother tongue, and many speak it as a second language. There are three types of sign languages used in Mali: American Sign Language (ASL), Tebul Sign Language, and Bamako Sign Language. [1] This would mean roughly 21% of the population speak French, by 1986 figures, a number considerably lower than those who speak Bambara. 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